Why Use Carbon? Carbon has been used in aquariums for decades with the purpose of trapping organic pollutants that can normally cause your water to tint yellow, along with a possible foul smell. Your livestock will constantly produce organic waste that when broken down can be a catalyst for unwanted microorganisms and also increasing the total oxygen demand of the system which can lead to many other issues. Usage Guide Organic load and yellow tint removal: The recommended dosage of Red Sea’s REEF-SPEC Carbon is approximately 50 gr (100 ml) per 200 L (50 gallons) for a period of 1-2 months for a moderately stocked reef aquarium. Post-medication treatment: The recommended dosage of Red Sea’s REEF-SPEC Carbon to absorb medication residuals is approximately 100 gr (200 ml) per 200 L (50 gallons) for a period of a week. Ozone post-treatment: The recommended dosage of Red Sea’s REEF-SPEC Carbon to remove residual ozone is 50 gr per 50mg/hr of ozone injection. The carbon should be placed at the ozone reactor/ protein skimmer outlet. Carbon should be replaced once it has reached approximately 50% of its original volume. Tips when using REEF-SPEC Carbon: Rinse any fines under tap water until it runs clear Recommended flow around 250 - 400 GPH per 50 gr of REEF-SPEC Carbon Replace every 1.5 - 2 months REEF-SPEC Carbon Specifications Shape - 0.6 - 2.3 mm flake Density - 0.48 g/ml Pore Volume (PV) - 1.04 ml/g Total Surface Area (TSA) - 1000 m2/g TSA/PV - 990 m2/ml Small Organic Adsorption - 1000mg/g Large Organic Adsorption - 280 mg/g pH in Distilled Water - >8 Phosphate Output - 0.000001 g/ml Includes Filter Bag