Glutathione

Glutathione (GSH) Primary Function: Antioxidant defense, detoxification, cellular protection Research Use: Oxidative stress reduction, immune modulation, liver health, anti-aging Molecular Formula: C10H17N3O6S CAS Number: 70-18-8 Synonyms: GSH, L-Glutathione, γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinylglycine Description: Glutathione (GSH) is a tripeptide composed of glutamine, cysteine, and glycine and is considered the body’s master antioxidant. It plays a vital role in cellular detoxification, immune function, redox signaling, and the protection of mitochondria from oxidative stress. Glutathione is widely studied for its roles in anti-aging, skin health, neurological function, and liver detoxification. Mechanism of Action: Neutralizes free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) Regenerates vitamins C and E back to active forms Conjugates with toxins in the liver for safe excretion Supports immune cell activity and mitochondrial integrity Key Research Areas: Oxidative stress and inflammation reduction Skin lightening and pigmentation balance Liver protection and detoxification pathways Neurological health and glutamate regulation History of Discovery: Glutathione was discovered in the early 20th century by J. de Rey-Pailhade and later structurally characterized by Hopkins in 1921. Since then, it has become one of the most studied intracellular antioxidants, central to cellular redox balance, and a promising agent in age-related and chronic disease research. Case Studies: Skin Brightening and Pigment Reduction (2012, J Dermatol Treat): Oral and IV glutathione improved skin tone and reduced melanin production in 12-week trials. [J Dermatol Treat. 2012;23(2):97–102.] Liver Function Improvement in NAFLD (2017, BMC Gastroenterol): GSH supplementation improved ALT/AST levels and liver ultrasound scores. [BMC Gastroenterol. 2017;17(1):96.] Parkinson’s and Cognitive Function (2009, Neurology): Intranasal and IV glutathione showed promise in reducing tremors and improving mitochondrial markers in Parkinson’s patients. [Neurology. 2009;72(21):1764–1771.] Packaging Information: Form: Lyophilized powder or sterile solution (injectable or intranasal) Purity: ≥ 99% Storage: Store at -20°C in a dry, dark environment For research use only. Not for human or veterinary use.